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Like its predecessor
Licence To Kill (1989), BOND 17 was not based at Pinewood Studios,
which was fully booked with several productions including First Knight
(1995). The medieval historical drama film, directed by Jerry Zucker,
was based on the Arthurian legend, and ironically starred original 007
Sean Connery as King Arthur, with Richard Gere as Lancelot. With
little time to find a space which could hold the number of large scale
sets needed for production of the new James Bond film, EON Productions
renovated the old Rolls-Royce factory at Leavesden Aerodrome in
Hertfordshire, which had wide, tall, and open aircraft hangars that
were uniquely suited for conversion into stages for a new studio.
Renamed Leavesden Studios, a succession of major feature films later
made use of the site. In 1997 the first of the Star Wars prequels
The
Phantom Menace (1999) and Tim Burton's Sleepy Hollow (1999) were
filmed at Leavesden, as were all eight Harry Potter films (2001-2011).
Peter Lamont returned
as Production Designer on BOND 17, with Martin Campbell’s long-time
cinematographer Phil Méheux joining the production – a role he would
return to alongside Campbell on
Casino Royale (2006). After joining
the series with Live And Let Die (1973), Miniature Effects Supervisor
Derek Meddings worked on his sixth James Bond film, but sadly died
during post-production, aged just 63. GoldenEye (1995) [as the film
would eventually be titled] is dedicated to his memory, and was the
last James Bond film to rely heavily on miniatures, although these
still played a part alongside the growing use of Computer Generated
Imagery in later films.
Returning to the
series after serving as Art Director on
Dr. No (1962); and later as
Production Designer on From Russia With Love (1963),
On Her Majesty’s
Secret Service (1969) and Live And Let Die (1973), was
Syd Cain who
(with Martin Asbury) worked as storyboard artist and production
illustrator on GoldenEye (1995). |
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Principal photography on
GoldenEye began on January 16, 1995, with the Severnaya control
room scenes featuring Izabella Scorupco and Alan Cumming, with Famke
Janssen joining the cast the following day. On January 18, 1995, Pierce
Brosnan shot his first scene as 007 where Bond is reunited with Valentin
Zukovsky at the point of a gun. At Leavesden Studios on January 22, 1995,
Pierce Brosnan introduced the Press to the cast of the new James Bond
film, whose title was announced as GoldenEye after the nuclear
electromagnetic pulse space-based weapon featured in the story, and also
the name of author Ian Fleming’s Jamaican home where he wrote all of the
James Bond novels. GoldenEye (1995) was the first film in the
series not to use any story elements from the works of
Ian Fleming, apart from one
line of dialogue from Alec Trevelyan which references the death of Bond’s
parents in a climbing accident. Also on display at the Press Conference
was an Aston Martin DB5, [providing a nostalgic link to
Goldfinger (1964)
and Thunderball (1965)],
as Bond’s car in GoldenEye (1995), although the production also
entered into a three-film deal with German car manufacturer BMW for their
vehicles to feature in the series. |
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The production briefly
moved to Puerto Rico to film at the Arecibo Observatory, although
restrictions meant that only a few shots of the physical structure
remained in the finished film, with much recreated at a smaller scale on
the Leavesden backlot by Derek Meddings and his crew. Whilst in Puerto
Rico the crew also shot scenes with Joe Don Baker, and the jungle sequence
featured at the end of the film. Judi Dench filmed her scenes as M on
February 7, 1995, with Samantha Bond filming her one brief scene in full
evening dress as Moneypenny prepares for an evening away from the office.
February 10th saw Desmond Llewelyn film his Q Branch scenes, where his
character suffers the usual jibes from the new 007 as he introduces Bond
to his BMW Z3, in a throwback to the laboratory scenes from previous Bond
films. |
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In late February, a
second unit captured the car chase between Bond’s Aston Martin DB5 and
Xenia Onatopp’s red Ferrari 355 at Greolieres in the South of France,
where
Remy Julienne’s
team of stunt drivers put both cars through their paces. The second unit
then spent two weeks filming the spectacular pre-title stunt at the Contra
Dam near Locarno, Switzerland. On March 11, 1995, the 640ft bungee jump
was performed twice by stuntman Wayne Michaels,
who later appears in the film as the Tiger Helicopter Pilot shot by Xenia
Onatopp (Famke Janssen) before she steals his aircraft. The second
spectacular stunt in the pre-title sequence involved Bond riding a
motorcycle off a cliff and free-falling to catch up to an aircraft
escaping from the Arkangel Chemical Weapons Facility. The stunt was split
into two sections with base-jumper Jacques “Zoo” Malnuit riding the Cagiva Motorcycle
over the cliff edge and then jumping off into a free-fall. The second part
of the stunt was performed by veteran stuntman
B. J. Worth who
had joined the Bond series to co-ordinate the free-fall opening of Moonraker
(1979). B. J. Worth sky-dived from another aircraft in an attempt to catch
up to the escaping plane and enter via the open side door. As the fleeing
aircraft had more mass than Worth, he was never able to gain enough
momentum to complete the stunt as planned, and the sequence was finished
using digital compositing to combine footage of Pierce Brosnan and a
section of the aircraft in the studio. As the series had always prided
itself on performing stunts for real, this was one occasion where the
expert team were unable to achieve the sequence as planned. |
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On February 15, 1995,
Pierce Brosnan began work on his first action sequence – the interrogation
room fight between Bond and General Ourumov’s men. Ten days later, the
main unit arrived in Monaco to film the scenes of Xenia Onatopp stealing
the Tiger Helicopter before moving on to join the second unit filming the
car chase on March 1st. As the second unit continued filming abroad, the
main unit returned to Leavesden and on March 9, 1995, Pierce Brosnan and
Famke Janssen filmed the climactic fight on a section of jungle set
between Bond and Onatopp resulting in the death of her character. A week
later the opening scenes set inside the Russian nerve-gas facility were
filmed, and on March 21st Pierce Brosnan and Famke Janssen shot another
fight scene set in the steam room set of the Grand Hotel in St.
Petersburg. Production then moved to the scenes set inside the Arecibo
control room taking place at the climax of the film. After eight days on
the large indoor set at Leavesden, the crew moved on to the exterior
scenes set in St. Petersburg. These included the shots of Trevelyan’s
armoured train [partly shot on location at the Nene Valley Railway,
Peterborough, previously used during the filming of
Octopussy (1983)], and
completed at Leavesden with a combination of full-sized and miniature
versions of the train and tank built and filmed by Derek Meddings and his
crew. |
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ABOVE: FROM RUSSIA
WITH LOVE? Several English locations stood in for St. Petersburg
during the filming of GoldenEye. (top left) The Cathedral
of St. Sophia on Moscow Road in Bayswater, London, doubled for the
Our Lady of Smolensk Church, and the exterior of Somerset House on
The Strand (top right) standing in as the establishing shot of a
Square in St. Petersburg where Jack Wade's (Joe Don Baker) car
breaks down. Bond's initial meeting with Wade (bottom left) was
filmed in front of the Queen's Stand at Epsom Racecourse in
Surrey. (bottom right) Filming also took place at the Nene Valley
Railway, Peterborough, where the scenes of the full-sized armoured
train were shot. The Nene Valley Railway was also used extensively during the
filming of Octopussy (1983). |
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Other locations were
completed in London where the main unit cleverly used the Cathedral of St.
Sophia on Moscow Road to double for the Our Lady of Smolensk Church, and
the exterior of Somerset House standing in as the establishing shot of a
Square in St. Petersburg. Although permission was granted to film part of
the tank chase actually in St. Petersburg, the second unit only filmed on
location for a week from April 11, 1995. Much of the sequence was filmed
on the Leavesden backlot where the production had more control over the
action without actually damaging historic Russian architecture. The second
unit began shooting the tank chase on April 27, 1995, with stuntman
Gary
Powell driving the tank and doubling for Pierce Brosnan. Former 007
Roger
Moore visited the set during filming of the sequence. Moore’s youngest son
Christian was employed as a third assistant director on GoldenEye (1995),
working alongside Pierce Brosnan’s son Christopher. |
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ABOVE: (left) Former
007 Roger Moore visits the set of GoldenEye at Leavesden
Studios during the filming of the tank chase. (top right) Stuntman
Gary Powell doubled for Pierce Brosnan for some of the more
dangerous tank driving scenes. (bottom right) Martin Campbell
gives direction to Pierce Brosnan. |
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